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Lijst van alle onderzoeksgroepen
| 2 | Automatisering en dataverwerking | Automation and dataprocessing | FAL | Yes | http://www.iwt-kdg.be/fal/ | OPC-foundation
MES
Profibus
Industrial bus systems
ProfiNET | OPC-foundation
MES
Profibus
Industrial bus systems
ProfiNET | Our research is focused on flexible factory automation systems. Using advanced automation protocols, we are able to create top down and bottom up communication between all kinds of machinery and production control systems. This approach is known as ERP and MES (Enterprise Resource Planning and Manufacturing Execution Systems). Consequently we can handle structured production models in which the idea of ‘receipts’ is elucidated. Other aspects of our study concern the ideas of tracking and traceability and an overall efficiency evaluation. Our research is in compliance with the industrial accepted normalisation ( IEC 61512, ISA S88 ) . Our team is also active in the field of OPC (object linking and embedding for process control). Based on an extended number of practical case studies we manage a cross communication between different industrial components (Robots, PLC’s, Visualisation, frequency drivers..) and over the most important industrial network systems (Profibus, Profinet, Industrial Ethernet, CANbus and others). In such systems the key investigations concern the deterministic and real time operation aspects which are very important as a warranty for security and as a capability factor in high speed applications. More information: http://www.iwt-kdg.be/fal | Our research is focused on flexible factory automation systems. Using advanced automation protocols, we are able to create top down and bottom up communication between all kinds of machinery and production control systems. This approach is known as ERP and MES (Enterprise Resource Planning and Manufacturing Execution Systems). Consequently we can handle structured production models in which the idea of ‘receipts’ is elucidated. Other aspects of our study concern the ideas of tracking and traceability and an overall efficiency evaluation. Our research is in compliance with the industrial accepted normalisation ( IEC 61512, ISA S88 ) . Our team is also active in the field of OPC (object linking and embedding for process control). Based on an extended number of practical case studies we manage a cross communication between different industrial components (Robots, PLC’s, Visualisation, frequency drivers..) and over the most important industrial network systems (Profibus, Profinet, Industrial Ethernet, CANbus and others). In such systems the key investigations concern the deterministic and real time operation aspects which are very important as a warranty for security and as a capability factor in high speed applications. More information: http://www.iwt-kdg.be/fal | og_automatisering-OPC.jpg | Master Elektromechanica | | 3 | Embedded systems - Ambient Technology | Embedded systems - Ambient Technology | | Yes | | Embedded systems
UML modelling
Design-space exploration/Pareto optimization
Model transformation/refactoring
Data structures | Embedded systems
UML modelling
Design-space exploration/Pareto optimization
Model transformation/refactoring
Data structures | Onder "alomtegenwoordige systemen" verstaan we een netwerk van kleine autonome systemen (embedded systemen) die onze levenskwaliteit helpen verbeteren.
De mens wordt omringd door tal van kleine, intelligente elektronische apparaten. Verborgen, energiezuinige microsensoren nemen de mens waar, bouwen een band met hem op en ‘weten’ zelfs wat de mens wil beleven en ervaren. Ze zijn geplaatst in een gebouw, in de muren, bevestigd aan apparatuur, in het lichaam, en mogelijk ook aan persoonsgebonden kledingstukken of sieraden. De sensoren houden voortdurend een oogje in het zeil en verzamelen en verwerken constant diverse soorten data. Deze elektronica moet het leven aangenaam maken en zelf bescheiden op de achtergrond blijven. Ze verhoogt ons gevoel van comfort en veiligheid, geeft ons real time-informatie en verhoogt onze productiviteit. De gebruiker zelf mag er steeds minder van merken, de elektronica wordt haast onzichtbaar.
De basistechnologieën zijn adaptieve, draadloze netwerken, onzichtbare sensoren en microcontrollers, de zogenaamde embedded systemen. Dit zijn informatieverwerkende systeempjes ingebouwd, of ‘ingebed’, in apparaten waarvan ze de functionaliteit en besturing bepalen. Voorbeelden zijn kleine systemen zoals Anticollision Car Systems en Smart House Automation en omvangrijke systemen zoals MRI-scanners, wafer steppers voor de productie van computerchips. Al die systemen hebben gemeen dat er veel software en elektronica in zit.
De onderzoeksgroep ambient systems ontwikkelt soft- en hardware voor embedded systemen. | Onder "alomtegenwoordige systemen" verstaan we een netwerk van kleine autonome systemen (embedded systemen) die onze levenskwaliteit helpen verbeteren.
De mens wordt omringd door tal van kleine, intelligente elektronische apparaten. Verborgen, energiezuinige microsensoren nemen de mens waar, bouwen een band met hem op en ‘weten’ zelfs wat de mens wil beleven en ervaren. Ze zijn geplaatst in een gebouw, in de muren, bevestigd aan apparatuur, in het lichaam, en mogelijk ook aan persoonsgebonden kledingstukken of sieraden. De sensoren houden voortdurend een oogje in het zeil en verzamelen en verwerken constant diverse soorten data. Deze elektronica moet het leven aangenaam maken en zelf bescheiden op de achtergrond blijven. Ze verhoogt ons gevoel van comfort en veiligheid, geeft ons real time-informatie en verhoogt onze productiviteit. De gebruiker zelf mag er steeds minder van merken, de elektronica wordt haast onzichtbaar.
De basistechnologieën zijn adaptieve, draadloze netwerken, onzichtbare sensoren en microcontrollers, de zogenaamde embedded systemen. Dit zijn informatieverwerkende systeempjes ingebouwd, of ‘ingebed’, in apparaten waarvan ze de functionaliteit en besturing bepalen. Voorbeelden zijn kleine systemen zoals Anticollision Car Systems en Smart House Automation en omvangrijke systemen zoals MRI-scanners, wafer steppers voor de productie van computerchips. Al die systemen hebben gemeen dat er veel software en elektronica in zit.
De onderzoeksgroep ambient systems ontwikkelt soft- en hardware voor embedded systemen. | og_embeddedsystems-ict.jpg | Master Electronica-ICT | | 4 | Automatisering en industriële visie | Automation and industrial vision | | Yes | | Industrial Vision Technology
Industrial cameras
Stereo vision and Colour perception
Image processing
Automatic guided vehicles
Artificial vision intelligence | Industrial Vision Technology
Industrial cameras
Stereo vision and Colour perception
Image processing
Automatic guided vehicles
Artificial vision intelligence | ‘Colour Quality Evaluation in Industrial Image Applications (screens, scanners, copiers, printers..) based on mathematical image matrix analysis. Blur analysis, Noise reduction, Dithering effects, ModLIation Transfer Functions, Point Spread Functions, ...
‘Colour Handling in Industrial Vision Applications, especially for product quality control’: image conditioning, lighting systems, feature extraction, colour interpretation, colo evaluation.
‘Geometrical 3D interpretation of image information: calibration, feature extraction, stereo vision,pseudo stereo, image sequences, …’.
‘Visual Guided Vehicles (VGV’s) + robot navigation based on vision technology.
Counting micro bubbles in the circLIation water of central heating systems.
Artificial Intelligence in vision applications: neuro-fuzzy technology, optical character recognition, data matrix…
Control Techniques: Matlab & SimLIink, root locus, state space, phase plane, fuzzy, neural networks…
Control Techniques for Heating, Ventilation en Air Conditioning systems based on variable mass and heat flow conditions.
Infra red image analysis and line scan technology | ‘Colour Quality Evaluation in Industrial Image Applications (screens, scanners, copiers, printers..) based on mathematical image matrix analysis. Blur analysis, Noise reduction, Dithering effects, ModLIation Transfer Functions, Point Spread Functions, ...
‘Colour Handling in Industrial Vision Applications, especially for product quality control’: image conditioning, lighting systems, feature extraction, colour interpretation, colo evaluation.
‘Geometrical 3D interpretation of image information: calibration, feature extraction, stereo vision,pseudo stereo, image sequences, …’.
‘Visual Guided Vehicles (VGV’s) + robot navigation based on vision technology.
Counting micro bubbles in the circLIation water of central heating systems.
Artificial Intelligence in vision applications: neuro-fuzzy technology, optical character recognition, data matrix…
Control Techniques: Matlab & SimLIink, root locus, state space, phase plane, fuzzy, neural networks…
Control Techniques for Heating, Ventilation en Air Conditioning systems based on variable mass and heat flow conditions.
Infra red image analysis and line scan technology | og_automatiseringvisie.jpg | Master Elektromechanica | | 5 | Automotive Engineering - Motor & New Fuel Technology | Automotive Engineering - Motor & New Fuel Technology | AE | Yes | | Hydrogen
Internal combustion engine
Combustion simulation
Alternative fuels
Sustainable energy | Hydrogen
Internal combustion engine
Combustion simulation
Alternative fuels
Sustainable energy | Interest in alternative fuels is motivated by concerns for greenhouse gas accumulation, air quality, security of energy supply and of course the nonstop increasing crude oil and natural gas prices. Hydrogen usage can be a solution for these problems. One end-use technology that can handle hydrogen is the well-known: internal combustion engine (ICE). However, before this technology can be put to use, it needs to be able to compete with conventionally fuelled power plants. Particularyly in terms of specific power output and security of operation, investigational work needs to be done. We are studying and analysing the combustion on engine test rigs (e.g. abnormal combustion, trhee way catalyst, hydrogen injector rigs ... ). We also are developing a program with the ability to simulate the entire engine cycle. This program assists and supplements the expensive and time-consuming experiments and can be an aid in the development of new H2-ICE's. | Interest in alternative fuels is motivated by concerns for greenhouse gas accumulation, air quality, security of energy supply and of course the nonstop increasing crude oil and natural gas prices. Hydrogen usage can be a solution for these problems. One end-use technology that can handle hydrogen is the well-known: internal combustion engine (ICE). However, before this technology can be put to use, it needs to be able to compete with conventionally fuelled power plants. Particularyly in terms of specific power output and security of operation, investigational work needs to be done. We are studying and analysing the combustion on engine test rigs (e.g. abnormal combustion, trhee way catalyst, hydrogen injector rigs ... ). We also are developing a program with the ability to simulate the entire engine cycle. This program assists and supplements the expensive and time-consuming experiments and can be an aid in the development of new H2-ICE's. | og_automotive1.jpg | Professionele Bachelor Autotechnologie | | 6 | Automotive Engineering - Elektronica-ICT | Automotive Engineering - Elektronica-ICT | | Yes | | Controller Area Network
FlexRay
In-Vehicle Networks | Controller Area Network
FlexRay
In-Vehicle Networks | In modern vehicles, the amount of data transported between embedded processors is rapidly increasing. To enable this data-communication, new standards are being developed. From 2003 to 2005 we succesfully completed a CAN-project (Controller Area Network). We are now focusing our attention on FlexRay. | In modern vehicles, the amount of data transported between embedded processors is rapidly increasing. To enable this data-communication, new standards are being developed. From 2003 to 2005 we succesfully completed a CAN-project (Controller Area Network). We are now focusing our attention on FlexRay. | og_automotive3.jpg | Master Electronica-ICT | | 7 | Datacommunicatie | Data communication | | Yes | | Fleet Management
Wireless Network
Mobile IP
Mobile Access Router
Automotive | Fleet Management
Wireless Network
Mobile IP
Mobile Access Router
Automotive | Modern vehicles contain a lot of intelligence. Dozens of microprocessors take care of motor management, the break and ABS system, global safety and environmental parameters and comfort-oriented applications (such as navigation and multimedia). These processes communicate over an electronic bus system, the most common of which is CAN.
Our research aims to provide a permanent broadband connection between a vehicle and its home-base. To realize this connection, multiple, relatively cheap networks will be linked. Once the connection has been established, information from the processors will be sent to the home-base of the vehicle in a safe and reliable manner. Thus, a fleet manager will be able to receive important information about his drivers’ driving style, to track early warnings of breakdowns or to have wireless network access around and inside the car.
Mobile IP is used to get a transparent connection, irrespective of the used network type (Wi-Fi, GPRS, UMTS). The project uses the Cisco Mobile Access Router (MAR) as a communication gateway. On the other hand, complex filters can be used to determine in which condition a captured vehicular parameter should be sent to the fleet manager. To achieve this, an intelligent controller is being developed (written in java for an embedded PC platform). | Modern vehicles contain a lot of intelligence. Dozens of microprocessors take care of motor management, the break and ABS system, global safety and environmental parameters and comfort-oriented applications (such as navigation and multimedia). These processes communicate over an electronic bus system, the most common of which is CAN.
Our research aims to provide a permanent broadband connection between a vehicle and its home-base. To realize this connection, multiple, relatively cheap networks will be linked. Once the connection has been established, information from the processors will be sent to the home-base of the vehicle in a safe and reliable manner. Thus, a fleet manager will be able to receive important information about his drivers’ driving style, to track early warnings of breakdowns or to have wireless network access around and inside the car.
Mobile IP is used to get a transparent connection, irrespective of the used network type (Wi-Fi, GPRS, UMTS). The project uses the Cisco Mobile Access Router (MAR) as a communication gateway. On the other hand, complex filters can be used to determine in which condition a captured vehicular parameter should be sent to the fleet manager. To achieve this, an intelligent controller is being developed (written in java for an embedded PC platform). | og_datacom.jpg | Master Electronica-ICT | | 8 | E&DO - Energie en duurzame ontwikkeling | E&DO - Energie en duurzame ontwikkeling | | Yes | TETRA-SIS (http://www.iwt-kdg.be/sis) | hydraulic components
expansion vessel
micro bubbles
corrosion
solar systems
heat pump | hydraulic components
expansion vessel
micro bubbles
corrosion
solar systems
heat pump | De onderzoeksgroep E&DO (Energie en duurzame ontwikkeling) onder leiding van ing. Eddy Janssen bestaat uit de onderzoekers ing. Roel Vandenbulcke en ing. Ward Denckens. De expertise op het vlak van expansiesystemen en ontgassing in thermische kringen kan steunen op het onderzoeksproject TETRA-SIS ( http://www.iwt-kdg.be/sis). Het zorgsysteem dat daar ontwikkeld werd, heeft twee raakvlakken met duurzame ontwikkeling. Enerzijds kan de levensduur van systemen verlengd worden door zorg te besteden aan het expansiesysteem, waarbij onderdruk vermeden moet worden. Anderzijds komt ontgassing de energie-efficiënte ten goede. Rond deze thema's kan advies (corrosie-audit) geleverd worden om problemen preventief of curatief op de meest efficiënte manier aan te pakken. De resultaten zullen binnenkort ook beschikbaar zijn in boekvorm. De expertise op het vlak van hydronica situeert zich op het vlak van variabel debiet en het ontwerpen en optimaliseren van thermische kringen. Variabel debiet betekent dat het waterdebiet in gesloten kringen voor verwarming en indirecte koeling behoefteafhankelijk wordt geregeld, zodat energie in de pompen, ketels en koelmachines kan worden bespaard. Hiervoor is een grondig theoretisch en praktisch inzicht nodig in de verschillende concepten en componenten. Simulatiesoftware hiervoor is in ontwikkeling. Energie-audits in gebouwen en industriële installaties worden in het vooruitzicht gesteld, met de focus op het doorgeven van de kennis aan de studenten "master in de industriële wetenschappen". | De onderzoeksgroep E&DO (Energie en duurzame ontwikkeling) onder leiding van ing. Eddy Janssen bestaat uit de onderzoekers ing. Roel Vandenbulcke en ing. Ward Denckens. De expertise op het vlak van expansiesystemen en ontgassing in thermische kringen kan steunen op het onderzoeksproject TETRA-SIS ( http://www.iwt-kdg.be/sis). Het zorgsysteem dat daar ontwikkeld werd, heeft twee raakvlakken met duurzame ontwikkeling. Enerzijds kan de levensduur van systemen verlengd worden door zorg te besteden aan het expansiesysteem, waarbij onderdruk vermeden moet worden. Anderzijds komt ontgassing de energie-efficiënte ten goede. Rond deze thema's kan advies (corrosie-audit) geleverd worden om problemen preventief of curatief op de meest efficiënte manier aan te pakken. De resultaten zullen binnenkort ook beschikbaar zijn in boekvorm. De expertise op het vlak van hydronica situeert zich op het vlak van variabel debiet en het ontwerpen en optimaliseren van thermische kringen. Variabel debiet betekent dat het waterdebiet in gesloten kringen voor verwarming en indirecte koeling behoefteafhankelijk wordt geregeld, zodat energie in de pompen, ketels en koelmachines kan worden bespaard. Hiervoor is een grondig theoretisch en praktisch inzicht nodig in de verschillende concepten en componenten. Simulatiesoftware hiervoor is in ontwikkeling. Energie-audits in gebouwen en industriële installaties worden in het vooruitzicht gesteld, met de focus op het doorgeven van de kennis aan de studenten "master in de industriële wetenschappen". | og_edo.jpg | Master Elektromechanica | | 9 | Embedded Systems - Multimedia | Embedded systems - Multimedia | | Yes | | PDA
XDR
RPC
Virtual Instrumentation
Embedded systems
Data representation | PDA
XDR
RPC
Virtual Instrumentation
Embedded systems
Data representation | Continuously occupied with applications of modern electronic devices, we recognize an immanent demand for user-friendly graphical interfaces. In order to reduce the cost of design and manufacturing of conventional instrument panels, many manufacturers employ graphical user interfaces (touch screens). In our lab, serveral commercial platforms are tested out. Since the process of designing software to interact with the LCD display takes up too much valuable time, our research is mainly focused on the development of a platform of which the graphical user interface runs on low cost PDA. the hardware manufacturer can distribute such products, free of royalties. To create such a platform, an RPC-stack (Remote Procedure Call), using XDR as a universal method for data representation, is developed. Another important aspect of our investigations concerns the wireless connection, serveral physical layers are investigated: e.g. IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth and IrDA. | Continuously occupied with applications of modern electronic devices, we recognize an immanent demand for user-friendly graphical interfaces. In order to reduce the cost of design and manufacturing of conventional instrument panels, many manufacturers employ graphical user interfaces (touch screens). In our lab, serveral commercial platforms are tested out. Since the process of designing software to interact with the LCD display takes up too much valuable time, our research is mainly focused on the development of a platform of which the graphical user interface runs on low cost PDA. the hardware manufacturer can distribute such products, free of royalties. To create such a platform, an RPC-stack (Remote Procedure Call), using XDR as a universal method for data representation, is developed. Another important aspect of our investigations concerns the wireless connection, serveral physical layers are investigated: e.g. IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth and IrDA. | og_embeddedsystems-mct.jpg | Master Electronica-ICT | | 10 | Energiedragers en raw materials | Energiedragers en raw materials | | Yes | | Biofuel/biowaste
Transesterification
Oleochemistry
Renewable energy
New raw materials | Biofuel/biowaste
Transesterification
Oleochemistry
Renewable energy
New raw materials | Study of the conversion of industrial and domestic waste (oils/fats) into valuable materials (lubricants, eco-solvents, biodiesel,..) by means of alcoholate catalyzed transesterification and molecular design. Physico-chemical fine tuning of reaction products. Analytical chemistry and target specific characterisation in the field of oleo-chemistry.
Study of the production and the performance of biodiesel from cotton-seed oil, waste cooking oils and industrial oil containing site streams.
Study of the production of biofuel from oils and lipids produced by micro-algae. An ecophysiological and chemical approach.
Study of the use of pure vegetable oils as fuel for (automotive) engines and as bio-lubricant. Optimisation of oil recovery from seeds and physico-chemical tuning of the oils by modification / additives / blending. Research of engine-oil contamination when using such fuels.
Microwave assisted transesterification of oils and fats: study on the use of micro-wave assisted chemistry for conversion of oils and fats into biodiesel and related products. Research of ‘catalyst-free’ reactions.
Design of new homogeneous transesterification catalysts. | Study of the conversion of industrial and domestic waste (oils/fats) into valuable materials (lubricants, eco-solvents, biodiesel,..) by means of alcoholate catalyzed transesterification and molecular design. Physico-chemical fine tuning of reaction products. Analytical chemistry and target specific characterisation in the field of oleo-chemistry.
Study of the production and the performance of biodiesel from cotton-seed oil, waste cooking oils and industrial oil containing site streams.
Study of the production of biofuel from oils and lipids produced by micro-algae. An ecophysiological and chemical approach.
Study of the use of pure vegetable oils as fuel for (automotive) engines and as bio-lubricant. Optimisation of oil recovery from seeds and physico-chemical tuning of the oils by modification / additives / blending. Research of engine-oil contamination when using such fuels.
Microwave assisted transesterification of oils and fats: study on the use of micro-wave assisted chemistry for conversion of oils and fats into biodiesel and related products. Research of ‘catalyst-free’ reactions.
Design of new homogeneous transesterification catalysts. | og_rawmaterials.jpg | Master Chemie/Biochemie | | 11 | Environmental engineering | Environmental engineering | | Yes | | Wastewater engineering
Industrial wastewater treatment
Ecotoxicology
BOD, COD, TOC
pilot plant research | Wastewater engineering
Industrial wastewater treatment
Ecotoxicology
BOD, COD, TOC
pilot plant research | The laboratory for Biochemical Engineering is a research centre focusing on and solving problems in waste water and sludge treatment. It participates in different research programs in close cooperation with the industry.
Our research involves:
New technologies. (Aerobic granular sludge, Advanced Sewage Treatment, development of biosensors). These technologies are developed on a pilot-scale and converted in several full automated pilot-plants (biological treatment, physical-chemical treatment, membrane processes, chemical oxidation …).
Typical research topics are:
‘The development of Advanced Sewage Treatment (AST) for sustainable water re-use.’
‘The treatment of concentrate flows of membrane processes by means of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP’s)’
‘Aerobic granular sludge technology for industrial waste waters’.
‘Eco-toxicity and quality control in water management’
‘Designing biosensors for biological monitoring and optimisation during water purification’
Applying existing technologies to new fields : eco-toxicity testing and quality control.
Solving bottle-neck problems in unit operation. | The laboratory for Biochemical Engineering is a research centre focusing on and solving problems in waste water and sludge treatment. It participates in different research programs in close cooperation with the industry.
Our research involves:
New technologies. (Aerobic granular sludge, Advanced Sewage Treatment, development of biosensors). These technologies are developed on a pilot-scale and converted in several full automated pilot-plants (biological treatment, physical-chemical treatment, membrane processes, chemical oxidation …).
Typical research topics are:
‘The development of Advanced Sewage Treatment (AST) for sustainable water re-use.’
‘The treatment of concentrate flows of membrane processes by means of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP’s)’
‘Aerobic granular sludge technology for industrial waste waters’.
‘Eco-toxicity and quality control in water management’
‘Designing biosensors for biological monitoring and optimisation during water purification’
Applying existing technologies to new fields : eco-toxicity testing and quality control.
Solving bottle-neck problems in unit operation. | og_environmentalengineering.jpg | Master Chemie/Biochemie | | 12 | Industriële biotechnologie | Industrial biotechnology | | Yes | | Industrial Fermentation Technology
Bioconversion
Raw glycerol waste
Propanediol
Down- and up-stream processing | Industrial Fermentation Technology
Bioconversion
Raw glycerol waste
Propanediol
Down- and up-stream processing | Project 'Nagasoils':
Bioconversion of raw glycerol from biodiesel industry to specialty chemical 1,3-propanediol (sustainable production of bulk chemicals)
Worldwide the production of glycerol as a by-product increases.The proposed production of glycerol at the moment is more than 1.000.000 t/a, with an enormous trend upwards.More than half of this glycerol comes as biodiesel 'waste' since the EC Biofuels Directive approved a standard use of 8 % biofuels in 2015 (Belgium: 5,75 % in 2010).Other important 'waste' supplies are glycerol streams originating from oleochemical industry and the manufacturing of soaps and detergents.The consequence of glycerol overproduction is a decrease in demand and a drastic drop in price, even below 0 $ per tonne, i.e. glycerol will become a waste product.Biofuel industry can reduce their overall process costs by glycerol market development in combination with the valorisation of crude glycerol.New uses for glycerol must be developed as glycerol disposal can be a significant challenge.A possible solution for the biodiesel process upgrade is the demand for 1,3-propanediol.The potential of 1,3-propanediol (PD) has been discovered as a modern intermediate as commodity or even specialty chemical.This molecule can be used in polymer production for carpet fibres or functional wear, solvents, adhesives, resins, detergents or petfood.The present chemical synthesis of PD is expensive and based on exhausting and price-sensitive petrochemicals.In the 'Nagasoils' project, a method for bioconversion of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol is developed.This bioconversion with bacteria from renewable resources is expected as competitive to chemical conversion if the process costs can be reduced by using raw glycerol ('waste' from biodiesel industry) and by substrate improvement with other waste streams from starch and dairy industry as nutriënt supply for the culture.
Activities:
Structural and analytical characterisation of raw glycerol
Screening and microbiological characterisation of bacteria
Control and optimisation of up stream processing techniques: liquid-liquid-extraction, electrodialysis, ion exchange, active carbon filtration
Control and optimisation of down stream processing techniques: filtration, coagulation, flotation, centrifugation, vacuum distillations
Investigations on preconditioning techniques of raw glycerol
Bioconversion of fermentation broth; process optimisation in cell and reactor type versions | Project 'Nagasoils':
Bioconversion of raw glycerol from biodiesel industry to specialty chemical 1,3-propanediol (sustainable production of bulk chemicals)
Worldwide the production of glycerol as a by-product increases.The proposed production of glycerol at the moment is more than 1.000.000 t/a, with an enormous trend upwards.More than half of this glycerol comes as biodiesel 'waste' since the EC Biofuels Directive approved a standard use of 8 % biofuels in 2015 (Belgium: 5,75 % in 2010).Other important 'waste' supplies are glycerol streams originating from oleochemical industry and the manufacturing of soaps and detergents.The consequence of glycerol overproduction is a decrease in demand and a drastic drop in price, even below 0 $ per tonne, i.e. glycerol will become a waste product.Biofuel industry can reduce their overall process costs by glycerol market development in combination with the valorisation of crude glycerol.New uses for glycerol must be developed as glycerol disposal can be a significant challenge.A possible solution for the biodiesel process upgrade is the demand for 1,3-propanediol.The potential of 1,3-propanediol (PD) has been discovered as a modern intermediate as commodity or even specialty chemical.This molecule can be used in polymer production for carpet fibres or functional wear, solvents, adhesives, resins, detergents or petfood.The present chemical synthesis of PD is expensive and based on exhausting and price-sensitive petrochemicals.In the 'Nagasoils' project, a method for bioconversion of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol is developed.This bioconversion with bacteria from renewable resources is expected as competitive to chemical conversion if the process costs can be reduced by using raw glycerol ('waste' from biodiesel industry) and by substrate improvement with other waste streams from starch and dairy industry as nutriënt supply for the culture.
Activities:
Structural and analytical characterisation of raw glycerol
Screening and microbiological characterisation of bacteria
Control and optimisation of up stream processing techniques: liquid-liquid-extraction, electrodialysis, ion exchange, active carbon filtration
Control and optimisation of down stream processing techniques: filtration, coagulation, flotation, centrifugation, vacuum distillations
Investigations on preconditioning techniques of raw glycerol
Bioconversion of fermentation broth; process optimisation in cell and reactor type versions | og_biotechnologie.jpg | Master Chemie/Biochemie | | 13 | Thermische karakterisering van reacties en (bio)chemische systemen | Thermal Characterization of chemical reactions and processes | | Yes | | Reaction calorimetry
Thermal characterization
Process optimization
Differential scanning calorimetry | Reaction calorimetry
Thermal characterization
Process optimization
Differential scanning calorimetry | Within the department of Industrial Sciences and Technology of the Karel de Grote-Hogeschool, a research group lead by Kristel Heerwegh, is starting up a laboratory for thermal characterization of chemical reactions and processes.
The laboratory recently invested in a reaction calorimeter from the Swiss company Systag, the Calo2310. The set-up will be used to carry out chemical reactions on a 1 liter scale within well defined ranges of pressure and temperature. The reactor is fully automated and equipped with the necessary sensors in order to obtain a complete mass and heat balance.
The heat generated by the reaction is quantified by two different measurement methodologies – heat flow and heat balance.
By these methods, the following parameters will be determined and calculated:
specific heat of the reaction mixture before and after the reaction
the heat transfer coefficient
the reaction enthalpy
the maximum adiabatic temperature increase
The set-up can be used for both process development and safety assessment.
The heat evolved in a chemical reaction can be used as a measure for the proceeding of the reaction. The effect of the addition of reagents, temperature, catalyst and recipe can be studied and optimized by measuring the reaction heat. Combined with traditional analytical tools to evaluate the product quality or even online techniques, it is a powerful technique for reaction optimization.
With regard to scaling-up and process safety, the information gained from calorimetric experiments is crucial: accumulation of reagents can be detected, the reaction enthalpy is measured and the maximum adiabatic temperature increase is calculated. These values will influence the engineering of the production plant for example cooling and condensing capacities, reactor safety.
Reaction calorimetry of the desired reaction combined with DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) or adiabatic calorimetry on the run-away or decomposition reaction, allows chemical reactions to be classified from inherently safe to inherently unsafe. | Within the department of Industrial Sciences and Technology of the Karel de Grote-Hogeschool, a research group lead by Kristel Heerwegh, is starting up a laboratory for thermal characterization of chemical reactions and processes.
The laboratory recently invested in a reaction calorimeter from the Swiss company Systag, the Calo2310. The set-up will be used to carry out chemical reactions on a 1 liter scale within well defined ranges of pressure and temperature. The reactor is fully automated and equipped with the necessary sensors in order to obtain a complete mass and heat balance.
The heat generated by the reaction is quantified by two different measurement methodologies – heat flow and heat balance.
By these methods, the following parameters will be determined and calculated:
specific heat of the reaction mixture before and after the reaction
the heat transfer coefficient
the reaction enthalpy
the maximum adiabatic temperature increase
The set-up can be used for both process development and safety assessment.
The heat evolved in a chemical reaction can be used as a measure for the proceeding of the reaction. The effect of the addition of reagents, temperature, catalyst and recipe can be studied and optimized by measuring the reaction heat. Combined with traditional analytical tools to evaluate the product quality or even online techniques, it is a powerful technique for reaction optimization.
With regard to scaling-up and process safety, the information gained from calorimetric experiments is crucial: accumulation of reagents can be detected, the reaction enthalpy is measured and the maximum adiabatic temperature increase is calculated. These values will influence the engineering of the production plant for example cooling and condensing capacities, reactor safety.
Reaction calorimetry of the desired reaction combined with DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) or adiabatic calorimetry on the run-away or decomposition reaction, allows chemical reactions to be classified from inherently safe to inherently unsafe. | og_thermische.jpg | Master Chemie/Biochemie |
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